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However, you can insert LaTeX code directly into a LyX document to create these sections. Most notably it lacks paragraph environments for standard front matter and end matter sections, such as Acknowledgments, Publishers, Dedication, etc., with no built-in fine controls for these features. The default Book class is fairly minimal in terms of features. There are several document classes available for LyX that are suitable for typesetting a book, including the default Book class, the KOMA-script Book class (scrbook), and the Memoir class. LaTeX provides the structured document classes and functions, such as indexing, page numbering, cross-references, and bibliographies the underlying TeX typesetting engine incorporates intelligent algorithms for tasks such as hyphenation, paragraph breaking, and line breaking, which are largely responsible for the “like a book” look of documents produced by LyX. The workhorse behind the magic of LyX is Donald Knuth’s legendary typesetting system, TeX, and the LaTeX document preparation system built on top of TeX.
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After a small delay, the on-screen document is transformed into a PDF that looks, well, exactly like a book! LyX works its real magic when you select a PDF preview of the print-ready document from the View menu.
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LaTeX adds the Section to your table of contents, places the Section name into your page header, gives it a special “bold” appearance on the page, assigns it a number or label, and tells other parts of your document what page it’s on, for references and citations.” LyX also enforces typographic rules by its behavior for example, pressing the space bar over and over doesn’t result in a series of blank spaces in the text, since LyX automatically inserts the correct number of spaces between different pieces of text. Here’s an example from LyX’s own Web site: “Let’s say you tell LyX that a certain line is a Section title. This is especially useful in a book-length document, where consistency can be the difference between a book that looks like a book, and a book that looks like a bound word processing document. In effect, LyX enforces consistency throughout the document, without requiring (but while allowing) you to define the style to be used for each paragraph environment. For example, a Book document allows you to identify any given piece of text as a Chapter, Section, Subsection, or Subsubsection, etc., and formats the document automatically according to the defined styles for the category, referred to as the paragraph environment, that the user selects.
The idea behind LyX is that the user selects a document class, such as Article, Report, Book, Letter, or Slides, and LyX provides the structure. It includes all the basic word processing functions, such as cut and paste, search and replace, undo, and spell checking. LyX is “the first WYSIWYM (What You See Is What You Mean) document processor.” When you start up LyX, the user interface has a look and feel similar to that of a word processor with a stripped down set of toolbars.
LyX is distributed under the GPL, and runs on Unix/Linux, Mac, and Windows operating systems. Our system is Debian Linux, but LyX is packaged and included in the repositories for most of the popular Linux distributions, so installation is a breeze.
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The problem? Although features such as Writer’s PDF export are easy to use and produce clean, easy-to-read documents, there was something subtly missing from the design something that didn’t quite look “like a book.” It’s not that Writer can’t be made to produce a high-quality book layout, but the conventions of book design are extremely subtle and tricky to master, at least for those of us who are not professional book designers or typographers.
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When we began looking for an application to design Corinne’s book How to Succeed as a Freelance Translator (Lulu Press, 2006), we road-tested a few pieces of software, including the word processors referenced above. While these tools can produce adequate results for many types of documents, it’s also worth considering LyX, an open source (GPL) desktop publishing application that, with a bit of work, can create a really professional-looking book that is indistinguishable from a book produced by a mainstream publishing house. If you’ve ever considered writing a book, you may have looked at the layout capabilities of Writer, AbiWord, KWrite, or other word processing programs. Self-publishing is becoming easier and cheaper, thanks in part to improved printing technologies and desktop publishing tools.
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